Journal Articles

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Assessment of the efciency of Mentha pulegium essential oil to suppress contamination of stored fruits by Botrytis cinerea
(Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection- Springer, 2022-08) Aouadi Ghozlene; Kalai Grami Leila; Taibi Faiza; Bouhlal Rym; Elkahoui Salem; Zaagueri Takoua; Jallouli Slim; Chaanbi Manel; Hajlaoui Mohamed Rabeh; Mediouni Ben Jemâa Jouda
Essential oils are a real ore rich in bioactive compounds characterized by a wide spectrum of various biological activities. In this context, our research focused on the study of the chemical composition of Mentha pulegium and Myrtus communis essential oils growing in Northeast Algeria as well as the exploration of their antifungal activities in vitro and in vivo against Botrytis cinerea responsible for moulding on strawberries. GC–MS analysis indicated that M. pulegium essential oil was an isomenthone chemotype (55.59%) while M. communis essential oil was characterized as a eucalyptol chemotype (36.82%). M. pulegium essential oil expressed the best antifungal activity either with poisonous medium method (MIC=MFC:2.66 µl/ ml) or with volatile activity method (MIC:30 µl) compared to M. communis essential oil, (MIC:5.33 µl/ml, MFC:10.66 µl/ml) which expressed no volatile activity. Both crude oils completely inhibited the germination of B. cinerea spores and resulted in up to 88% morphological changes in conidia. In vivo tests have revealed the efectiveness of M. pulegium essential oil in completely suppressing grey mould from strawberries previously inoculated with conidia of B. cinerea by direct contact or exposure to vapours. M. pulegium essential oil display weak phytotoxicity towards fumigated strawberries at low temperatures (T<16 °C). This low phytotoxicity was confrmed by the preservation of some physical parameters of strawberries stored at 7 °C such as colour and weight loss
Chemical Investigations on Algerian Mentha rotundifolia and Myrtus communis Essential Oils and Assessment of their Insecticidal and Antifungal Activities
(Friends Science Publishers, 2021) Aouadi Ghozlene; Soltani Abir; Kalai Grami Leila; Ben Abada Maha; Haouel Soumaya; Boushih Emna; Chaanbi Manel; Elkahoui Salem; Hajlaoui Mohamed Rabeh; Mediouni Ben Jemâa Jouda; Taibi Faiza
This work aimed to assess in vitro insecticidal and antifungal activities of Mentha rotundifolia and Myrtus communis essential oils against the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) and three fungal species (Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium solani and Colletotrichum acutatum). Oxygenated monoterpenes presented the dominant group with 72.94 and 58.92% respectively for M. rotundifolia and M. communis essential oils. M. rotundifolia and M. communis essential oils composition was dominated by 72.94 and 58.92% of oxygenated monoterpenes, respectively. The determined lethal concentrations of mentha essential oils against T. castaneum adults revealed high toxicity respectively for fumigant and contact tests, LC50 = 0.113 μL cm-2 and LC50 = 32.71 μL L-1 air. However, common myrtle oil showed a weak fumigant activity (LC50 = 357.67 μL L-1 air) and no contact toxicity. Furthermore, M. rotundifolia essential oil showed a marked antifungal toxicity against all the fungal strains. The mycelial growth of the three fungal strains was completely inhibited at the concentrations of 0.33 μL L-1 by contact application and 8, 10 and 12 µL by fumigant application. M. communis essential oil displayed only a contact antifungal toxicity against B. cinerea at the concentration 21.33 μL L-1. Additionally, M. rotundifolia completely inhibited conidial germination of B. cinerea and F. solani, and significantly affected their morphology, with morphological modifications at the rate of 92.94 and 51.11% respectively. In light of in vitro tests results, the mentha essential oil appeared to be an excellent source of antifungal and insecticidal components and will allow the potential development of this species in the biological control of several pests and fungal diseases. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Effect of harvesting method and model of hive on the amount of honey produced by bee colonies in Algeria
(Livestock Research for Rural Development, 2011) M L Berkani; Z Ghalem-Berkani; M T Benyoucef; A Chelighoum
This experiment was conducted to show the effect of the harvest method on the honey yield and the effect of the hive type on the evolution of the brood and the honey production. The comparative study was done in the Mitidja (North of Algeria) where Apis mellifera intermissa colonies of bees were placed inside 2 types of hives: Langstroth and Dadant. In addition, the single harvest method of honey was compared to the partial method. Partial harvest method permitted a higher production of honey (P≤0.05) than the single method. This result was observed for the 2 types of hives and seems related to the increase of space in the hives when the partial harvest method was used. This factor should stimulate the queen bee to intensify its laying activity and the worker bees to gather more nectar. Results revealed that the evolution of the brood and the honey production were better (P≤0.05) for the Langstroth hive. Inside the Dadant hive, which is more voluminous, bees colonies are stressed by the climate conditions, they have a late development and become less productive during the honeydew.
Etude comparative de deux méthodes de récoltes (unique et partielles) dans deux modèles de ruches en Mitidja dans le centre Algérien
(Livestock Research for Rural Development, 2012) Z Ghalem-Berkani; M L Berkani; A Chelighoum
The aim of the study was to show the effect of the harvesting method on the honey production and the effect of the type of bee hive on the brood comb evolution, weight of colonies and honey production. Bees “Apis mellifera intermisa” and two types of hives (Langstroth and Dadant) were used at Baba Ali (Mitidja at the central Algerian coast) as material of this comparative study. We tested two methods of harvesting, the total and the partial methods. Results show that the partial method is the best; it permits more honey production (P< 0,05) whatever the bee hive used. These results are explained by the larger space which is exploited by bees to store more honey, and which stimulate the queen to lay. Lagstroth type of bee hive permits a better progression (P< 0,05) of the brood comb of colonies’ weight and honey production. In the Dadant type which is larger than Langstroth one, the development of bees are poor due to the bad climatic conditions, so they can’t valorize the first flowering.
Phytochemical Elucidation and Antioxidant Activity of Seeds from Three Prickly Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) Cultivars from Algeria
(2023-01-21) Abderrahmene Bouaouich , Faiza Bouguerche , Houda Mahiaoui , Gregorio Peron , and Hamdi Bendif
In this study, the characterization of fatty acids and secondary metabolites in seeds of three cultivars of Opuntia ficus-indica L. (O. ficus-indica, yellow, orange, and green) harvested from the Souk Ahras area in Northeast Algeria was performed. The antioxidant activity of seed extracts was also assessed by using two methods, namely FRAP and DPPH tests. Results show that total phenolic content (TPC) ranged from 63.02 to 81.80 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g of seeds. The yellow cultivar had the highest TPC, followed by the orange and green cultivars. Concerning flavonoids and tannins, the orange cultivar showed higher concentrations, corresponding to 2.97 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/100 g and 5.60 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/100 g, respectively. Analysis of the seed extracts by HPLC revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, including gallic acid and chlorogenic acid, while the GC analysis of oil showed that prickly pear oil is a major source of essential fatty acids (C18:2). The antioxidant activities of extracts from the three cultivars were comparable. The EC50 for the reduction of ferric iron was almost 0.05 g/mL for all extracts. Regarding the scavenging of DPPH, green and yellow cultivars showed the highest capacity (EC50 = 0.26 g/mL). Linear correlations between the content of some antioxidants (flavonoids, tannins) and different activities were observed, indicating their participation in the latter. Above all, a significant inverse correlation between the total flavonoid content and the EC50 calculated for the reducing activity of seed extracts was observed (r = −0.657; p ≤ 0.05). Overall, the results indicate that the seeds of O. ficus-indica growing in Algeria can be exploited as valuable sources of table oil, cooking oil, and antioxidants. Keywords: Opuntia ficus-indica; seeds; antioxidants; polyphenols; antiradical activity
Screening for insecticidal efficacy of two Algerian essential oils with special concern to their impact on biological parameters of Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
(Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection-Springer, 2020-08) Aouadi Ghozlene; Haouel Soumaya; Soltani Abir; Ben Abada Maha; Emna Boushih; Elkahoui Salem; Taibi Faiza; Mediouni Ben Jemaa Jouda; Bennadja Salima
Chemical composition of Algerian Mentha rotundifolia and Myrtus communis essential oils, their insecticidal activities and their impact on some biological parameters of the Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella were assessed. Results showed that M. rotundifolia essential oil contained piperitenone oxide (46.06%), D-limonene (9.10%), cis-piperitone oxide (6.81%), and endo-borneol (4.64%) as major compounds, while M. communis oil was rich in α-pinene (29.08%), 1,8-cineole (36.82%), α-terpineol (6.42%), geranyl acetate (4.38%), and β-linalool (4.04%). The fumigant potential and contact toxicity tests against E. kuehniella demonstrated the effectiveness of M. rotundifolia essential oil (LC50 = 0.54 μL/L air, LC50 = 0.004 μL/cm2) compared to M. communis oil (LC50 = 2.91 μL/L air, LC50 = 0.025 μL/cm2). Moreover, results revealed that all biological parameters were significantly affected (fecundity: 6 eggs/female, oviposition deterrence: 96.62%, log fertility: 0, hatching rate: 0%, copulation rate: 0% for M. rotundifolia oil against fecundity: 93 eggs/female, percentage of oviposition deterrence: 47.85%, log fertility: 6.7, hatching rate: 57%, copulation rate: 53.33% for M. communis oil). This work supports the use of botanical insecticide as active pest control agents under storage conditions.
Stratigraphy and structural style of Souk Ahras foreland fold-thrust belt in northeastern Algeria
(2021) Abdallah CHABBI; Asma CHARMITI; Stéphane BRUSSET
In northeastern Algeria, the Souk Ahras foreland basin is a part of the Maghrebides fold-thrust belt and comprises Sellaoua and Medjerda High units in the footwall of Tellian thrust sheets. Detailed geological mapping supported by micro-paleontological, petrographic, and structural data allows us to reappraise its stratigraphy and its structural style and to characterize the relationship between the different structural units (Numidian, Tellian, Sellaoua, and Medjerda High units). Data were collected for a biostratigraphy and field observations along to six (06) sections spread over the Ouled Driss, Dj. Boubakhouch, Dj. Boukebch – Dekma, and the Medjerda High. The Souk Ahras foreland basin substrate is made up by Jurassic and early Cretaceous series and constituted an outer shelf pre-foreland passive margin where salt tectonics occurred. From upper Cretaceous to Miocene, flexural subsidence and thrust wedge propagation took place as the result of the northward drift of Africa plate. The Souk Ahras foreland is finally deformed by thrust-related folds, which affected a pre shortening tectonic pile involving remnant of salt tectonics influenced margin during at least Cretaceous times
Study of metasomatose iron deposit of Chaabet El Bellout (Ain Zana, NE of Algeria): mineralogy, geochemistry, and genetic model
(Arabian Journal of Geosciences, Springer, 2022) Tarek Zerrouki; Abdelhak Boutaleb; Lounis Sami; Ahmed Abderrahmane Semchaoui; Abdallah CHABBI
Chaabet El Bellout iron mine is located in the Medjerda Mountains, constituting a connection zone between the Maghrebides chain and the Saharan Atlas. This deposit is mainly embedded in Upper Cretaceous (Campanian and Maastrichtian) and Miocene limestones with clusters and veins replacing both carbonates and sandy-carbonate levels. In this study, feld observations and mineralogical analyses combined with geochemical and oxygen isotopic data were used to determine the origin of the mineralizing fuid and the source of mineralization. The results indicate that the iron ore of Chaabet El Bellout is of medium quality resulting following two main phases: frst, the replacement of Cretaceous carbonates by ankerite and siderite, followed by the alteration of iron oxides (hematite and magnetite), then, a deposit of high temperature sulfdes, sulfosalts, and sulfates (pyrrhotite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, gray copper, and barite) in a fractured zone. However, the contribution of magmatic fuids cannot be excluded, as some samples reveal high V-Mo-Ni and Zn contents and a negative isotopic signature (-0.6‰ VSMOW) diferent from the rest of samples that all indicate positive values (0.6 to 1.6‰ VSMOW), suggesting the participation of metasomatic saline fuids interacting with marine carbonate levels deposited in the Cretaceous and Triassic formations.