Etude Anatomique et Histologique de l’évolution dans l’ontogénèse de la Prostate chez le Dromadaire de la région d’El Oued (sud-est de l’Algérie)

Abstract

This study explores the morphological, histological and biochemical development of the prostate gland in dromedaries during the pre- and postnatal phases. By analysing 75 prostates of dromedaries from different age groups, collected in Algeria, and measuring PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen)in 30 dromedaries aged less then year to 5 years, we characterized the structural, functional and biochemical transformations of this organ. Our results show a dynamic evolution of the prostate, marked by key stages: initiation of epithelial secretory activity, formation of the lobes, capsule thickening and development of interlobular connective tissue. These changes are closely related to the age of the animal and reach their peak at puberty. Moreover, PSA assay reveals a gradual increase in levels of this protein between 2 and 5 years, suggesting a continuous maturation of the prostatic function during this period. By combining detailed histological analyses, morphometric measurements and biochemical assays, we have shown a close association between the pre- and postnatal phases of ontogenesis and prostate development in dromedaries. This new knowledge contributes to a better understanding of the physiological processes underlying sexual maturation in this animal and opens up interesting perspectives for future reproductive research. Our results also highlight the importance of regular monitoring of PSA in dromedaries from 3-4 years old to better assess their prostate health.