The University of Souk Ahras DSpace repository

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مطبوعة مدخل إلى علم الآثار.pdf
(2024) khabzaoui abdelkarim
Hydrological response to climate change: Dam inflow dynamics in the Côtier Constantinois East and Medjerda-Mellegue basins
(Institute of Hydrology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia, 2026-06-10) Chehla SAADOUN; Abdesselem KABOUR; Lotfi ZEGHADNIA
In a context of increasing climate change, this study evaluates the impact of climate variability on water resources. To achieve this, it analyses annual inflows were analysed at 15 stations located upstream of dams in the Côtier (Coastal) Constantinois East and Medjerda-Mellègue watersheds between 1958 and 2024. Several statistical methods were employed, including Pettitt's breakpoint test, the Mann-Kendall trend test, Sen's slope, the Standardised Runoff Index (SRI) and Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA). The results reveal a significant and persistent decrease in annual inflows, with breaks in the data identified as early as the 1970s in the south and from the 1990s onwards in the north. Reductions observed range from 38% to 47% in the north, exceeding 70% in the south. The SRI index indicates a predominance of drought periods in the south, whereas the north experiences a more balanced cycle of wet and dry periods. The Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator consistently indicate significant decreasing trends in annual inflows at most stations. This is further supported by the Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA), which confirms a generalized decline across the study area. These results emphasise the clear impact of climate change on regional hydrological regimes and the necessity of adapting water resource management strategies.
Design and Control of Hybrid Fuel Cell Vehicle Powertrains Using Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms across Diverse Driving Cycles
(Asian research association, 2026-03-20) Nedjem-Eddine Benchouia; Bilal Soltani; Abdelghani Guechi
Attainment of environmentally friendly methods of transportation is largely contingent upon the availability and practicality of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCVs), but FCVs currently have a number of limitations in establishing their widespread user base due to their excessive hydrogen consumption, high system costs, and difficulty in regulating energy utilization based on the behavior of system operators under highly variable dynamic loads associated with typical transportation activity of users. Therefore, understanding the linkage between the fuel cell energy system and supplementary energy storage systems in the hybrid FCV powertrain is an important determinant of total performance, longevity, and fuel economy. This thesis addresses the issue of reducing hydrogen consumption while maintaining the performance of the energy system through the development of an optimal energy management strategy. MATLAB/Simulink has been used to develop a complete hybrid FCV simulation model using an ultracapacitor-based energy storage system coupled with a PEMFC stack for the purpose of this research. The development and implementation of a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) were carried out in the development of the hybrid FCV simulation model to mitigate operational limitations (i.e., power balance, SoC limits) and simultaneously reduce hydrogen consumption and maximize system efficiency. The MOGA optimization process was performed under a population-based, evolutionary framework employing the convergence of more than one objective with predefined operational constraints. The optimization framework takes into account both important sizing variables, like fuel cell configuration and ultracapacitor operating limits, and control parameters. To analyze the performance of the combined approach, we simulated various standardized driving cycles alongside an actual route in Algeria—Ouenza to Annaba—chosen for its accuracy in mimicking the conditions under which the evaluated vehicles would be driven. Simulation outputs showed that there were Pareto-optimal values from our analysis, allowing a reduction of hydrogen usage by 30% vs. baseline and greater improvements in energy efficiency and SoC trajectory stability when compared to the baseline method across every tested driving scenario. As a result, optimized designs used smaller and cheaper fuel cells, without compromising the performance of the vehicle. What makes this research unique is that we utilized this methodology to combine multiple standardized driving cycles with an actual route while optimizing both energy management and component sizing parameters through an MOGA framework. Therefore, we provide a means for developing replicable, regionally adaptable advanced fuel cell vehicle powertrain design solutions.
Association between Clinical Mastitis and Zootechnical Performance in Algerian Dairy Cows
(ARCC, 2026-06-06) Atamna Assila; Houssou Hind; Djeridi Ilhem; Amara Mohamed; Slatnia Imen
Background: Clinical mastitis is one of the most important diseases in dairy cattle. This research aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of clinical mastitis, as well as to estimate their impact on the zootechnical performance of dairy cows. Methods: The data was collected from 1134 lactations among 288 cows with clinical mastitis during the reference lactation, between 2019 and 2022. Result: The prevalence of clinical mastitis was 12.2% and this increased with the parity. The cows in 2nd, 3rd and 4th lactation had prevalence rate of 10.7%, 12.3% and 18.8% respectively, compared to 7.3% in cows during their 1st lactation (P<0.05). Similarly, the incidence of clinical mastitis varied significantly with the calving season and the calving year (P<0.01). The clinical mastitis had a significant impact on reproductive performance; including days open (DO), conception rate at first service (CRF) and services per conception (SPC) (P<0.05). Furthermore, clinical mastitis had a significant negative impact on the dairy production performances (P<0.05). The cows with mastitis produce 321.2 liter of milk and 19.1 kg of fat, less than the cows that had no evidence of mastitis. In conclusion, Clinical mastitis continues to have a negative impact on the performance of dairy cows. It is recommended to support research for the development of new tools for early diagnosis and treatment of the disease in Algeria.
Prediction of sheep carcass yield using combinations of ante-mortem and post-mortem measurements
(ARCC, 2026-06-06) Houssou Hind; Djeffal Samia; Djebbari Doua
Background: Various factors affect meat production of the sheep, such as feed, live weight at slaughter and genotype. The aim of this research was to provide information on relationship between ante-mortem and post-mortem measurements of sheep as a selection criterion in two breeds. Methods: This study was carried out on 151 male sheep (rams) belonged to Ouled Djellal breed (n=118) and Hamra breed (n=33) between March and June of 2023 at the municipal slaughterhouse in the wilaya of Tebessa. The animals were older than 12 months (adult individuals). Result: The data revealed that before slaughter of the Ouled Djellal rams had significantly higher body weight (68.31±11.14 versus 61.83±5.04 kg), compared to Hamra breed. There were significant differences in the following ante-mortem traits between two breeds: heart girth, scapular-ischial length and dactyl-thoracic index among the breed (P<0.05). After slaughter, the carcass weight (34.96±7.82 kg versus 30.53±4.33 kg) and the carcass yield (51.51 versus 49.15) were significantly higher (P<0.05) in Djellal than in Hamra breed. Therefore, the sheep of the Ouled Djellal breed were the heaviest; they had wider chest and longer carcass. However, the carcass conformation was better in Hamra breed (P<0.05). In conclusion, this study confirmed that sheep breed affects carcass conformation and suggested the ways of improving these breeds whose qualities of adaptability are no longer to be demonstrated.