Institute of Science and techniques of physical and sporting activities

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    محددات انتقاء الناشئين في رياضة كرة القدم
    (2024) Melaikia Tayeb
    The study aimed to identify the determinants of selecting young football players under the age of 13 by examining the most significant physical, physiological, psychological, and skill-related factors among them. In the theoretical background, the researcher discussed the concept, types, and stages of sports selection, the importance, objectives, and characteristics of sports selection, the benefits of scientific selection methods, scientific bases for selection, the age at which players can be selected in football, factors leading young football players to higher levels, basic principles of athlete selection, as well as the determinants and requirements of selection in sports, basic principles of young football players, physical and skill requirements for football players, and psychological preparation in football. Additionally, the researcher addressed the characteristics of the under-13 age group, defining the age group and its characteristics, growth requirements at this age, sports practice at the under-13 age group, and the needs and motivations of young athletes. The sample was selected using the comprehensive survey method, and the primary study sample consisted of 119 youth players under the age of 13, active in the football schools of 8 clubs from the municipality of Souk Ahras, affiliated with the Souk Ahras Football League, for the 2022/2023 sports season. Based on the objectives of the study and the nature of the topic, the descriptive approach using the survey method was adopted. Data was collected through a variety of physical measurements, physical, skill, physiological, and psychological tests. Regarding statistical methods, the SPSS v26 statistical software package was used, along with the calculation of the mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation, and factor analysis. The researcherreached the followingresults: • Eleven factors met all acceptance criteria: 1. Factor One: Satisfied by (6) tests. 2. Factor Two: Satisfied by (7) tests. 3. Factor Three: Satisfied by (5) tests. 4. Factor Four: Satisfied by (5) tests. 5. Factor Five: Satisfied by (3) tests. 6. Factor Six: Satisfied by (3) tests. 7. Factor Seven: Satisfied by (3) tests. 8. Factor Eight: Satisfied by (2) tests. 9. Factor Nine: Satisfied by (2) tests. 10. Factor Ten: Satisfied by (5) tests. 11. Factor Eleven: Satisfied by (4) tests. • Extracted battery units: First Factor: The factor is termed (Fat), represented by the chest fat test with a saturation value of 0.919. Second Factor: The factor is termed (Weight and Circumferences), represented by the body weight test with a saturation value of 0.829. Third Factor: The factor is termed (Lengths), represented by the thigh length test with a saturation value of 0.855. Fourth Factor: The factor is termed (Agility), represented by the zigzag running test between 4 markers (multi-directional running) with a saturation value of 0.863. Fifth Factor: The factor is termed (Explosive Strength), represented by the 3 kg overhead medicine ball throw test with a saturation value of 0.865. Sixth Factor: The factor is termed (Dribbling), represented by the zigzag running with the ball between markers in the shape of the number 8, with a saturation value of 0.877. Seventh Factor: The factor is termed (Passing), represented by the passing accuracy test from a distance of 15 meters toward 4 targets, with a width of 70-100 cm, with a saturation value of 0.722. Eighth Factor: The factor is termed (Maximal Oxygen Consumption VO2MAX relative), represented by the absolute VO2MAX oxygen consumption test divided by body weight, with a saturation value of 0.901. Ninth Factor: The factor is termed (Pulse), represented by the resting pulse test using the Bewell Connect device, with a saturation value of 0.746. Tenth Factor: The factor is termed (Trust in Others), represented by the motivational traits assessment scale by Tutco and Richard (modified by Mohamed Hassan Alawi), with a saturation value of 0.626. Eleventh Factor: The factor is termed (Emotional Control), represented by the motivational traits assessment scale by Tutco and Richard (modified by Mohamed Hassan Alawi), with a saturation value of 0.773. Within the limits of the researcher's findings, the following suggestions are proposed: 1- Using the battery obtained in selecting young football players. 2- Researchers and selectors should focus on considering various aspects in their choices by utilizing measurements and tests derived from the research results. 3- When selecting or promoting young players according to their development, it is necessary to ensure that selection occurs in stages using tests for all aspects. 4- Establishing criteria for measurements and tests for different age groups to classify players into different levels. 5- Conducting similar studies in other sports and at different age stages to benefit from the results in selecting the best elements in these sports. 6- The researcher recommends conducting studies specifically focusing on the mental aspect of football players.