Department of Biology

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    Valorisation des plantes médicinales à viseés thérapeutique vétérinaire étude de l'activité antimicrobienne
    (2024) Djebrane Chahinese
    Our study consists to valorize the veterinary use of medicinal plants, through the evaluation of the situation of their uses and the appreciation of the plants as animal medication. The work begins with an exploratory survey to give an idea of the interest in the practice of phytotherapy among professionals of veterinary medicine as well as the pharmacovigilance among them; Then an analytical part which aims to evaluate some biological characteristics and chemical composition of some extracts (essential oils) of plants of the traditional Algerian pharmacopoeia, in this case Pistacia lentiscus and Myrtus communis, this component also lead by a histological study of plants Lavandula stoechas and Myrtus communis, to determine the internal structure of the leaves and to identify the secretive sites of each selected medicinal plant Finally, a clinical part carried out by evaluating the biological antibacterial and antifungal effect of some extracts (essential oils) of plants of the traditional Algerian pharmacopoeia, in this case Pistacia lentiscus. The results obtained indicate a relatively important prescription of conventional drugs in livestock, namely cattle and sheep. According to the statements of various practitioners solicited, despite the rare practices in the bovine sector, the use of medicinal plants (phytotherapy) in veterinary medicine remains far below the world average. The yield of plants in essential oils very low, a heterogeneous organoleptic quality in the same region some components of have been identified by thin layer chromatography and the histological study of leaves shows the presence of secretory sites at the level of the leaves of Lavandula stoechas and Myrtus communis. The results of the study of the antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Pistacia lentiscus show that the activity of half of the bacterial strains used is inactivated by the essential oil of the mastic tree, for the antifungal activity is almost null. And for the antifungal study on dermatophyts show that the essential oil, exhibit a different inhibitory activity depending on the origin and concentration of essential oil.